City History Santa Isabel Bioko Island was known to the English merchants in the nineteenth century, as the bay of Luba was frequented by merchant routes were close, as in the mouth of the Niger, called Oil Rivers, approached the bay of Luba to also purchase palm oil, abundant in this area, such as to dilute and replace nuts as this is an area rich in them and have more security than other costs that had arrived. The city of Freetown was founded in 1787, was the seat of the court of the Joint Commission for the repression since 1820, but its unhealthy climate and perhaps the British aspirations to expand their only three sites in West Africa, Bathurst, Cape Coast and Freetown, the Crown decided to instruct the Captain William Fitzwilliam Owen, the task of founding and move the Court to the island of Bioko. Owen is decided by considering their expertise in the area, as he had previously assigned his subordinates Vidal and Boteler, do a scan on the island of Bioko and various maps of the West African coast, which suggests that the idea of \u200b\u200boccupying the island had been studied by Captain Owen earlier. Reach
Bioko
October 26, 1827, and landed on 27, a large group of people, as recounted A. Martin's Mill in his book The City of Clarence, was composed by:
officers and crew of the four boats ....... Real
150 people
African Body ........................................... .. 60 "
English Teacher works .................................... 19 "Craftsmen
Sierra Leone ..................................... 39 "
Fanti Cape Coast .......................................... .... 4 "
Krumanes fishermen and workers .................... 130 "
_________ Total .......................................... ....................
402 people had chosen previously
Bay area of \u200b\u200bVenus, they baptized as Maidstone, being closer to the coast, Luba, which assigned the name of George 'Bay. From the writings of John Clarke in 1841, it appears that the first who came was a Bubi of the present town of Fistown. They settled on the city of Santa Isabel to which christened Clarence for being unemployed, having plenty of water, abundant fish, turtles and the bay possible crater of a volcano is protected by two headlands to the sea: Punta Fernanda (Punta Williams ) and Punta Cristina (Punta Adelaide). Before a group of soldiers led by Lieutenant Robinson explored land to make sure you choose the best site. Them via iron bars, got plenty of food, especially yams and fruit, for it led some to approach the natives without weapons and items to camibar in hand. Noted for his interest in addition to iron pieces, mirrors and bells for sound.
October 30 under the command of Lieutenant Vidal, a group of 100 workers began to pave the way for which we later known as Hill of the fevers, which ensures the beach where the boats docked with the famous square in Spain which has a drop of about 25 to 30 meters to the sea.
The first contacts with the heads of nearby villages were a triumph for Owen, and who agreed to board the ships despite the mistrust felt toward whites than for slaves, they were mercenaries. Finally boarded the flagship Eden, their bodies painted with yellow and crimson foward, its strings of beads, pheasant feathers and parrot, monkey bones and animal skins and leaves adorning the waist. After the exchange of gifts, reached an agreement to establish a market near what is now Independence Square, where every day could bring the Bubi foodstuffs, such as yams, palm oil, chickens, sheep, goats and wine Palm to sell and the British would pay with their classic bars iron, mirrors, beads, knives and utensils such as iron pots etc.
Owen drew a perfectly straight city streets on the coast who were born and died on the mountain, assigned to the Court officials and employees, establish a small garden plots and a small fence to prevent the arrival of animals such as rodents (grounbif) snakes in the house, at the same time initiate work to dry the nest marsh flies and mosquitoes, which in turn are transmitters of malaria, trypanosomiasis, filariasis etc..
This presented problems, since many Indian leaders appeared claiming their rights to land were the krumanes building, and moreover they were fearful of the many shots that were happening throughout the day, it was the hunting of monkeys who were holding the British to provide themselves with such meat for his people. Finally, in a symbolic act drew the perimeter of the city and paid a price agreed with the various stakeholders, among which was a chief called Bololo Banapa.
On August 29, 1832, before the competing interests between Sierra Leone and Bioko, and the realization that the climate was still unhealthy due to the high mortality of British officials, the British government ordered Colonel Edward Nicolls to leave the island Bioko. Because revenues generated by the oil Palm for some English merchants settled in the island, whose economic value amounted to 500,000 pounds, we were sold the properties of the British Government to the Dillon company in London, was appointed representative of the same Beecroft. With this appointment is not everything got lost.
After having abandoned these territories Spain, it's February 23, 1843, an expedition led by Captain Juan José de Lerena and Barry, the company dismisses British West Africa from its powers that had been awarded to purchase Dillon land to the company. Lerena change the name of the city and puts the Santa Isabel in honor of Elizabeth II, who was not yet Queen of Spain have not old enough. And since there is no English to be held accountable to track your orders appointing governor Beecroft English to English, also a merchant, was a scout and enjoyed a boat owned anchored in the bay, the Ethiopian.
On May 22, 1858, comes to Santa Isabel Chacón issue, which brings the Jesuit missionaries who have to compete with the Methodists, Anglicans who since 1823 in the city.
In September 1860 the governor's meeting in Santa Isabel Gandara first boobies all the heads of the island called "Cocorocos" with its Lujua or groups of warriors down with ornaments of feathers, skins and even buffalo horns to an act of homage to the English Government.
On November 19, 1862, opened the church plaza of Spain, a single ship, with three altars and choir, occupied the site of the present cathedral.
After leaving his work in Guinea the Jesuits, for the Government's policy
against the Jesuits, that missionary work does not return until November 13, 1883, arriving on the British steamer Landana of African Steam Ship, Claretian mission in the house kept by the chaplains of the Navy, established his headquarters. Since the Government had assigned not only their missionary work but also the teaching of culture throughout the territory, we can say that since teaching is reaffirmed in the city of Santa Isabel
January 1916, opened the new Gothic cathedral. 1859
authorized by the English Government on the beach at Carboneras, a coal deposit for American steamers that ply the waters of the Atlantic coast.
visit Santa Isabel in 1860, the son of the king of Bimbia, with a letter of recognition from his father and establishing a trade, since in Bimbia there are plenty of cattle lacking the island.
In April 1861, Santa Isabel visit the King of Calabar, Heyo with its vapor King Calabar, by the way he loves the band infantry battalion and the Governor Gandara offers if sent twelve young people, teach them to play, which made the king sent a sloop with twelve young people to instruct them.
1862, large coal deposit Carboneras beach, allowing the British frigate Vindictire to secure a deposit of coal and supplies. It is assumed that this ship was designed to monitor and prosecute the slave trade in the area.
1884, the German fleet consists of boats: Bismarck, Gneisenau, Olga and Ariadne in addition to the approval of the basis of Carboneras.
December 1863, visit the port of Santa Isabel, four British warships, two Dutch, three Americans and one French. 1900
visit Santa Isabel Shrimp governor, greeted the English governor Dueñas, usually residing in Basile.
In 1919, they begin to reach the island, the German Cameroon, fleeing, pursued by French and English, had arrived in the area of \u200b\u200bRio Muni. The island is estimated that of the 60,000 who were admitted in Rio Muni, some even harassed by the Fang with weapons supplied by the British, as explained by Governor A. Barrera in his book entitled The English possessions in the Gulf of Guinea, arrived Santa Isabel, about 21,000. The difficulty of keeping so many people forced the English authorities to reinstate Cameroon many of them. A Santa Isabel reached an estimated 6,000 soldiers, 12,000 women and children, and 3,000 individuals. Fernando Poo was brought under pressure from British and French governments did not wish to be near its borders as a military power could be those sixty thousand people, whose organization was well prepared Fullah between tribes and the Germans. The English government provided them with land to the military in the area Bokoko, Basile and park Moncloa. Even the military organized schools and even a hospital. In 1920 an agreement was reached with the French authorities Cameroon, Yaounde Atangana becoming the head with some people. The Germans of the island as the signing Moritz gave land for the site. Many individuals were stationed on land inhabited those who placed the name of his hometown, Campo Yaounde.
1861, political deportees arrivals are accommodated on board the frigate and corvette Perla Isabel, anchored in the harbor, waiting to build facilities for them. The appearance of a yellow fever plague killed half of them.
arrive in Santa Isabel numerous explorers and botanists to study the flora and fauna of the island and climb to the peak of St. Elizabeth, as in 1884 Polish Rogozinski and his wife, or your browser Baumann. In 1894 up to the peak Nevvton Portuguese naturalist.
January 22, 1888, anchored in Santa Isabel and San Carlos, the first English mail steamer, the company Transatlantic once did British and German ships.
On 9 November 1891, establishing a domestic service between the islands and the mainland with steam Fernando Poo.
17mayo 1913, opened a railroad zipper that comes out of the harbor and the town of Basupú the West, through Banapa, Timbambé, Sampaka and Sacriba. The idea is you get to San Carlos because until that time, the Luba transport to Santa Isabel is by boat.
1913, The construction of the palace of government.
1920. Given the push of the town of Yaounde, we have to move the Catholic and Protestant cemetery Fistown.
1925. It is built thermal power plant to shed light on the population. It is owned by native Don Maximiliano Jones.
1943 he opened the Institute for Media Education Ramiro de Maeztu, in the premises of the Claretian Missionaries in the Plaza of Spain. One important fact for me because I was one of the first students of this Institute and the first with Manuel Kombe plus the income we did seven years of Bachelor. Almost all their "parents" had money when they came to fifth moved to Spain to finish and join the University.
To give a better idea of \u200b\u200bthe first Santa Isabel, we extract data from the book published in 1867 by the doctor. San Martín and Montes entitled Surveying the island of Santa Isabel.:
on a carpet of green, consisting of vines and guava fringes worn by the field cut to the bottom, stands the town of Santa Isabel, now the capital of Fernando Poo, 25 meters above sea level. Located at N. From the island, and almost at the eastern end of the long valley that extends from Punta Hermosa to get lost in the bay of San Carlos. It occupies a picturesque location at his feet the great amphitheater-shaped bay, bounded by Fernanda tips and Friars in no lack of coasters, bigger ones coming from Europe, some English and French steamers, and many canoes employed in loading and unloading. : The N. the west coast of Africa in which the peak rises Cameron, and S. The Santa Isabel. The population occupies a plain, and although the street overlooking the bay is a semi-circular, the others are all straight and spacious. Since the sea is not more than the Navy Street, which are beginning to look for the E, the Hospital, the English consul's house, the government, of Townsend, which is the best coffee in town, the civilian employees, the sleek headquarters, whose back are the kitchen and the public prison, then still a hut, the judge's house, that of Linslager, the entrance plaza of Spain (where you see the Catholic Church , the beautiful house of the Jesuits and other traders), the de Smit, of Pellon, of Townsend and company, and finally a low houses and barracks krumanes and emancipated. Other streets are long and wide, and although some are also good and elegant homes in general are all low. The population consists of 15 blocks with 192 houses, of which 30 are high and equipped. Santa Isabel has beautiful walks and Matilde fifth or Punta> Fernanda that was dismantled in 1864, where stands a monument to the victims of the expedition to Niger in 1842 and the ceiba where it was said the first Mass in this country, when Venus came in 1845 corvette .
Census 1863 in Santa Isabel: male female English
......... ...................................... English
.............................................. 104 .... 7
Holandeses ............................................ : 2 1
Franceses ..... .......................................... 1
Bubis
................................................ .... 140 .150
Congos ............................................... ... 190 24
Calabar ....... ........................................... 50 30
Ibo ............ ............................................ 52 47
Krumanes.............................................359 1
Sierra Leona......................................... 10 6
Bonny.................................................. 15 10
Mimbia................................................. 27 5
Lagos ............................................... March 11 .....
Camarones. .......................................... 61 10
Principle t S. Thome ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. July 28
Total ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 284 1067
presume given as number of counting 104 English sailors usual warship that anchored in the bay and the crew was always affected by malaria and other diseases that remained effective in all development work and even protection of the colony. As confirmation of this review, is the statistic that there was not a English woman.
Another day will continue on this wonderful city that was Santa Isabel.
Fernando
African
Algete January 14, 2011
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